The initial purpose....Dharma
This project was obviously created, initially at least, during the 60's. This would have been during the nuclear age, when it was a distince possibility that life on Earth would end.
This island oasis, with the electromagnetic field, would have been a perfect place to survive the blast and the associated radiological fallout. After many (hundreds) of years, the species on the islands could repopulate the earth.
Although the purpose has slightly changed, a strong argument can be made for it's initial purposes.
On Benry Living On The Island His Entrire Life
He is from the original experiment, that is why the rest of the others keeps looking to him for leadership. He is one of the few survivers of the original experiments. The rest, more or less, came at a later point. This would include Juliette, who it just happens is a fertility specialist.
The second island...
I had been hoping for quite some time now to find out that there were more than one island, as it makes since for the writers to put this in for ecological accuracy. In Darwin's research of the speciation and evolution, he used the fact that the islands on which he was observing were close but distinct. The populations on the neighboring islands came from the same initial gene pool, but were reproductively seperated. Over time, they evolved seperatly (divergence) and speciation occured, meaning that the two groups were now different species. Having the two distinct islands, and maybe more than just two, would be essential for research on speciation or evolution over time.
I have quite a bit more to write about the other experiments that I have been a part of or have studied that I see in this series, but I will wait to see if anyone is interested first. So post back.
My further proof, the numbers.
The Valenzetti Equation is an equation that predicts the exact number of years and months before humanity extinguishes itself. The equation was created by the Italian mathematician Enzo Valenzetti and commisioned under the highest secrecy through the UN security council. Valenzetti gave core numerical values to the environmental and human factors of the equation,which are: 4 8 15 16 23 42
Theory by Tom Stanton