Many of us have theorized that the Swan Station was built on top of the Jughead Nuclear Bomb to harness the combination of its radiation and the electromagnetism of the island. And the "INCIDENT" pertains to a nuclear meltdown as a result of a failed Dharma experiment trying to harness that energy.
Damon and Carlton gave us a HUGE clue back in Season 2's "The Man from Tallahassee" that they were going in this direction. In this episode Jack and Sayid were trying to get into the Swan Station's "Incident Room" and at every pass they were met with solid concrete walls. Jack asked Sayid why everything would be sealed off in concrete and Sayid said that "The last time I heard of concrete being poured over everything in this way was Chernobyl."
* "Chernobyl" was a real life nuclear reactor meltdown that happened in the 80's caused by a fatal experiment that resulted in a massive power surge in the reactor. The nuclear meltdown produced a radioactive cloud that swept across Europe causing many deaths. Immediately a large CONCRETE shelter was erected to seal off the reactor and its contents
* Chernobyl "button". In the event of a massive power surge the protocol for the workers was to press the AZ-5 ("Rapid Emergency Defense 5") BUTTON which would prompt the computer to do a SCRAM and shut down the reactor and prevent a nuclear meltdown.
Sound a bit familar?
Other things we know that happened on LOST that point to this theory being true are
* In the episode Jughead, set in the 1950's, Daniel Faraday told Elly to bury the bomb and seal it in concrete, he stressed that it must be sealed in concrete. He did this because he knew there was a potential for it to leak radiation, or worse, explode.
Taking Faraday's advice, I believe the Others buried Jughead and Dharma discovered it years later. We know that the island has unique electromagnetic properties, and I think that over time, burying the nuclear bomb, combined with the Islands electromagnetic properties caused an energy build up at that spot which Dharma discovered. They built the Swan Hatch around it to try and harness that energy. Then one of their experiments went terribly wrong causing a nuclear meltdown - "The Incident".
NOTE: When the Others burried it in the 50's I don't think they buried it in concrete to Faraday's specifications, I think this was done later by Dharma after the "Incident".
* The Swan Hatch Button - similar to the Chernobyl "button" which was a safe-guard against a power surge build-up in the nuclear reactor, the Swan Hatch button needs to be pushed every 108 minutes to release a small "discharge" of energy into the atmosphere which keeps Jughead from being detonated by the continual build up of energy due to the islands electromagnetic properties.
* Food drops. This started after the Incident, again, pointing to a nuclear meltdown and radiation on the island. Which was also why Desmond had to wear that contamination suite every time he left the Swan Hatch.
* The Season 2 finale when Locke is worried Eko is going to blow up the Blast Doors, Desmond tells Locke that the blast doors are strong enough to hold even an "atomic bomb"
* Women and pregnancy. Note, the timing of "The Incident" is crucial here. PRE-Incident women had no problems getting pregnant and having kids on the island (see Charlotte, Ethan, both born on island). However, POST-Incident women on the island have had problems getting pregnant, which is why they brought in Juliet. The pregnancy issue could be attributed to radiation exposure from the nuclear meltdown. Again, timing is critical here, Claire wasn't on the island during the time of "The Incident" so she wasn't affected by radiation and thus could give birth on the island. Sun was also not on the island during "The Incident" and made it past the 3rd trimester on the Island.
* Ben developed a tumor, which could have also been caused by the same radiation exposure, as he was on the island at the time of the Incident.
There are many other clues as well, but I particularly wanted to bring up the similarities between the Incident and the Chernobyl Nuclear Meltdown Theory by Amurawski
Damon and Carlton gave us a HUGE clue back in Season 2's "The Man from Tallahassee" that they were going in this direction. In this episode Jack and Sayid were trying to get into the Swan Station's "Incident Room" and at every pass they were met with solid concrete walls. Jack asked Sayid why everything would be sealed off in concrete and Sayid said that "The last time I heard of concrete being poured over everything in this way was Chernobyl."
* "Chernobyl" was a real life nuclear reactor meltdown that happened in the 80's caused by a fatal experiment that resulted in a massive power surge in the reactor. The nuclear meltdown produced a radioactive cloud that swept across Europe causing many deaths. Immediately a large CONCRETE shelter was erected to seal off the reactor and its contents
* Chernobyl "button". In the event of a massive power surge the protocol for the workers was to press the AZ-5 ("Rapid Emergency Defense 5") BUTTON which would prompt the computer to do a SCRAM and shut down the reactor and prevent a nuclear meltdown.
Sound a bit familar?
Other things we know that happened on LOST that point to this theory being true are
* In the episode Jughead, set in the 1950's, Daniel Faraday told Elly to bury the bomb and seal it in concrete, he stressed that it must be sealed in concrete. He did this because he knew there was a potential for it to leak radiation, or worse, explode.
Taking Faraday's advice, I believe the Others buried Jughead and Dharma discovered it years later. We know that the island has unique electromagnetic properties, and I think that over time, burying the nuclear bomb, combined with the Islands electromagnetic properties caused an energy build up at that spot which Dharma discovered. They built the Swan Hatch around it to try and harness that energy. Then one of their experiments went terribly wrong causing a nuclear meltdown - "The Incident".
NOTE: When the Others burried it in the 50's I don't think they buried it in concrete to Faraday's specifications, I think this was done later by Dharma after the "Incident".
* The Swan Hatch Button - similar to the Chernobyl "button" which was a safe-guard against a power surge build-up in the nuclear reactor, the Swan Hatch button needs to be pushed every 108 minutes to release a small "discharge" of energy into the atmosphere which keeps Jughead from being detonated by the continual build up of energy due to the islands electromagnetic properties.
* Food drops. This started after the Incident, again, pointing to a nuclear meltdown and radiation on the island. Which was also why Desmond had to wear that contamination suite every time he left the Swan Hatch.
* The Season 2 finale when Locke is worried Eko is going to blow up the Blast Doors, Desmond tells Locke that the blast doors are strong enough to hold even an "atomic bomb"
* Women and pregnancy. Note, the timing of "The Incident" is crucial here. PRE-Incident women had no problems getting pregnant and having kids on the island (see Charlotte, Ethan, both born on island). However, POST-Incident women on the island have had problems getting pregnant, which is why they brought in Juliet. The pregnancy issue could be attributed to radiation exposure from the nuclear meltdown. Again, timing is critical here, Claire wasn't on the island during the time of "The Incident" so she wasn't affected by radiation and thus could give birth on the island. Sun was also not on the island during "The Incident" and made it past the 3rd trimester on the Island.
* Ben developed a tumor, which could have also been caused by the same radiation exposure, as he was on the island at the time of the Incident.
There are many other clues as well, but I particularly wanted to bring up the similarities between the Incident and the Chernobyl Nuclear Meltdown Theory by Amurawski