In a recent discussion with a co-worker/fellow Lost fan, we noticed a large similarity between the Kaballah Tree of Life and the Swan UV Map, which correlated even more when you add Hydra to the mix.
Many theories have to do with "This is Atlantis" etc, but what if the island is the 'source' of the legend. Imagine Plato hearing of a fantastic island that suddenly disappeared (think of Widmore's Antarctic team)...he would describe it as best he could - "Gone in a single day and night...".
However, based on certain religious aspects (I'm a Buddhist (raised Catholic), my co-worker an Atheist), we are more aligned with the Island being the source of the Creation story (i.e. Eden). The strong correlation with the Tree of Life, Adam and Eve corpses (of course), the lush fertility and life-giving properties all point towards it.
And the Monster...the source of the story of the Serpent. I am NOT trying to say that Judaism or Christianity is founded on a myth (please no religious flames - I respect all religions)...but rather am considering the nature of verbal histories - things get changed with each telling, are explained with the tools each teller has, and finally recognizes that most of the Bible has been completely translated a number of times. When one factors how much 'English' changes the message, the story of Eden could be how Adam & Eve were cast down (although I am guessing they were 'judged' by the Monster). To support my own views on evolution (pro-), Adam and Eve were not the first people on the planet, but rather the first of significance in relation to the history of man as it related to the Bible.
So, in a nutshell, I am saying that the Island is the source of the story of the fall of Adam and Eve (or even the destruction of Atlantis), but the actual story (the Fall or the existence of Atlantis / Lemuria) is far from the truth.
Theory by DragonJay